The study for the Department of Transport suggests a €10 charge at peak times, and €5 in off-peak hours.
Other recommendations include expanding slow zones in residential areas and staggering start and finish times for schools and workplaces.
Brian Caulfield, associate professor of transport at Trinity College Dublin, says there are some barriers to introducing congestion charges:
"So these taxes are regressive when people can get around it by buying different cars or they can just afford to pay these congestion charges, and the roads are clear for them. So you're giving them an extra benefit. So there's ways around it and until the public transport offering is there that meets everybody's demands, realistically a congestion charge isn't something that's likely to happen."
